Allianz Worldwide Care is pleased to announce the appointment of a leading industry expert to the role of Director of Sales and Marketing. Alexis Obligi, a French citizen, joined Allianz Worldwide Care this month from Henner, where he was Deputy Managing Director of International & Corporate Business Development. Alongside his role overseeing Sales and Marketing activities, Alexis will also join the Executive Committee of Allianz Worldwide Care.

Allianz Worldwide Care, the international health insurance division of Allianz Worldwide Partners, provides health, life and disability insurance and corporate assistance services to clients and insurance partners on a global scale.   Allianz Worldwide Care’s client portfolio includes many of the Fortune Global 500 companies and the company also offers Intergovernmental Organisations (IGOs) and Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) cover for a range of insurance risks.

Alexis Obligi commented, “Following the 2014 merger of Allianz Worldwide Care Limited with the international divisions of Allianz France, this is a particularly exciting time to join Allianz Worldwide Care, a company that has shown significant, consistent growth, year on year.  Allianz Worldwide Care stands out in the fast-paced international private health and life insurance industry for its international scale and client driven focus that is complemented by an incredible level of dynamism. I am looking forward to leading the Sales and Marketing teams in building on the successes already achieved and developing more ways to support the company’s growing client base and insurance partners, with new products and innovative services.” 

Singapore takes the top spot in the eighth Expat Explorer country league table, with expatriates praising the opportunities for career development, appealing salaries and an excellent quality of life.

Over a quarter (28%) of expats in Singapore earn more than USD200,000 per annum compared to 13% of expats globally. Fifty-nine per cent say the city-state is a place for career development and 79% are confident about the Singapore economy. Overall, 67% of expats say Singapore offers a better quality of life than their home country and 65% of parents say their children's health and wellbeing has improved since moving there.

The Expat Explorer survey is commissioned by HSBC Expat and conducted by YouGov. Now in its eighth year, it is the largest and one of the longest running surveys of expats, with 21,950 respondents sharing their views on different aspects of life abroad including careers, financial wellbeing, quality of life and ease of settling for partners and children. A total of 39 countries qualified for the league tables in this edition.

   
    Expat Explorer overall country league table
    2015

    1. Singapore
    2. New Zealand
    3. Sweden
    4. Bahrain
    5. Germany
    6. Canada
    7. Australia
    8. Taiwan
    9. United Arab Emirates
    10.Switzerland

Expat Explorer also reveals that: 

Expats today look beyond just financial rewards 

A better quality of life and the desire to take on a new challenge are the main reasons for making a move abroad. In both cases, 37% of expats say these are the reasons why they moved, compared to just over a quarter (26%) who say they did so to improve their job prospects. In fact, 61% of expats haven't benefited from an immediate salary increase since moving.

Expats are dedicated to experiencing as much as possible during their time abroad and only 11% say they haven't immersed themselves into their new culture. Destinations where expats are the most likely to have moved to improve their quality of life are New Zealand (71%), Spain (61%) and Portugal (56%).

Expat entrepreneurs blossom in the world's financial hubs 

The vast majority of expats living in the world's financial hubs of Singapore, Dubai, Hong Kong or London agree they are good places to start a new business (87%, 86%, 85% and 85% respectively). This is much higher than the global average of 56%^[2].

A high level of confidence in the local economy is another reason why these economic hubs suit the entrepreneurial spirit: 78% of expats in Singapore and 60% in Hong Kong feel confident about the local economy.

The opportunity to broaden their skillset is a further upside for expat entrepreneurs who have settled in one of these cities: 64% of expats in London have acquired new skills since moving, compared to 43% globally.

Most generous expat packages are found in the Middle East 

Besides high salaries and strong economic prospects, expats living in the Middle East can also enjoy unrivalled benefits packages. Health and medical allowances (70% of expats in the region benefit from these), annual trips home and airfare allowances (67%), and accommodation allowances (60%) are all far more likely to be offered as part of expat contracts in the region than in any other part of the world.

For example, in Oman, 80% of expats receive airfare allowances for trips home, compared to just 33% globally. In Qatar and theUnited Arab Emirates, 75% and 55% of expats respectively receive an accommodation allowance (compared with 33% globally).

The top countries to live for expats focused on economics, experience and family are revealed as: 

   
           Economics            Experience           Family
    1. Switzerland          1. New Zealand     1. Sweden
    2. Singapore            2. Spain           2. New Zealand
    3. Germany              3. Singapore       3. Singapore
    4. United Arab Emirates 4. Australia       4. Spain
    5. Qatar                5. Taiwan          5. Germany

#1 in the Economics league table - Switzerland attracts career-driven expats 

Switzerland comes first in the rankings as the best expat destination for career success and financial wellbeing. Seventy-seven per cent of expats feel confident about the local economy, and 53% say it is a good place to progress careers. These compare to only 48% and 41% of expats globally. A majority (63%) also thinks their work is more fulfilling in Switzerland than it was at home. On average, expats in Switzerland are more likely to enjoy more disposable income (65%), earn higher salaries (63%) and be able to save more (60%) as a result of moving to the country.

#1 in the Experience league table - New Zealand is the hotspot for a fulfilling expat experience 

New Zealand leads the way for a satisfying expat experience. Almost eight in 10 (77%) expats there find their quality of life is better than at home and well over half (63%) say making friends has been easy. Settling in is relatively quick, with 35% who felt at home instantly or within six months. The country's great outdoors is a particular draw and 57% of expats have become more physically active since moving there.

#1 in the Expat Family league table - Sweden is the most family friendly country 

A new country in the league tables, Sweden takes the top spot as the best destination for expat family life, whether that is with or without children. Expat parents in Sweden praise the childcare available - with 79% finding it better than in their home country - the ease of arranging children's education (67%), and its affordability (77%). Overall, 79% of parents say their children's quality of life is better since moving. Sweden also has a lot to offer to single expats looking to start a family: 39% say they have found a long term partner there.

Dean Blackburn, Head of HSBC Expat, comments, "Living abroad allows people to realise a whole range of ambitions. Learning new skills, enjoying a different culture or growing closer to loved ones through a shared adventure: these are just some of the rewards expats tell us they have enjoyed through their time in another country. As global mobility continues to increase, expat life is more attainable than ever before. Expats need services that keep up with their changing needs, as managing money overseas remains a challenge. Indeed, 74% tell us their finances have become more complex in some way since moving, which highlights the value of seeking help with this aspect of life."

Kareo today announced the results of a survey, in partnership with the American Academy of Private Physicians (AAPP), measuring the perceptions and benefits of various practice models. Kareo joined efforts with AAPP on this survey in part to raise awareness of its agile medical practice model. The model exists to empower independent practices’ success by helping them incorporate various payment modalities to solve contentious issues associated with a traditional practice model.

The survey measured common practice challenges, motivations for considering direct pay or concierge practice models, as well as the most important technological needs in direct pay, concierge and insurance-based practice settings.

The survey revealed that 46% of primary care physicians would consider transitioning to direct pay, concierge or other membership models in the next three years, citing the desire to spend more time with patients and to separate from the insurance payer system as their primary motivators. In fact, 81% of private (direct pay or concierge) practices reported that, on average, they spend 30-60 minutes with patients, whereas the majority of traditional insurance-based practices stated that they were only able to spend 15-20 minutes with a patient on average.

Respondents also detailed the primary challenges of each of their respective practice models. For conventional, insurance-based practices, the most commonly faced challenge is staying financially viable. For concierge and direct-pay practices, recruiting new patients was the top concern.

“As this survey showcases, there are challenges and benefits for both private and conventional practice models,” said Rob Pickell, Chief Strategy Officer of Kareo. “However, despite varying workflows and processes, providers are assessing the environment and making changes to better serve patients and ensure the success of their practices. As independent providers look to become more agile, it is Kareo’s mission to support the enhanced payment and practice marketing demands of all care models.”

“The insights gleaned from this survey show the shifting mind set in small practices working to remain independent ahead of changing patient expectations,” said Tom Blue, Chief Strategy Officer of AAPP. “These results reaffirm the need to make medical care more accessible and convenient to patients, reinforcing AAPP’s mission and supporting Kareo’s innovative philosophy around the benefits of becoming an agile medical practice.”

As thousands of young Brits leave the UK this month for adventurous gap years, the chief medical officer of leading independent assistance and travel claims company, CEGA, has warned of the perils of setting off without travel insurance – not just because an accident or injury overseas may be cripplingly expensive, but also because travelling without cover can make it difficult to reach the right medical care in an emergency.

Dr Tim Hammond's warning comes after recent ABTA research shows that an increasing number of young people are shunning travel insurance when they go overseas.  The organisation revealed that one in three (33%) of 16-24 year olds currently travels without insurance: up from 22% in 2014.

"Without travel insurance, a sick or injured gap year student would be taken to the nearest public hospital for treatment," advised Dr Hammond "and, in popular gap year countries like Thailand and India, there is a huge discrepancy between public and private medical care." He added "Travel insurance doesn't just cover the cost of medical treatment, it also guarantees access to the best care  - wherever a traveller may be in the world.

"Whilst a country like Canada - also popular amongst gap year travellers - does offer a consistently high quality of medical care, its hospitals are particularly expensive if there's no insurer to pick up the bill," continued Dr Hammond in his warning.

Those travelling to Australia and New Zealand, which top the list of ABTA's most popular gap year destinations this year, similarly need to take out travel insurance, advised Dr Hammond - even though the UK's reciprocal agreements with the countries entitle Britons to (largely) free medical care. "Although UK residents generally won't have to pay for medical care in New Zealand and Australia they may need to be repatriated at great expense."

Dr Hammond applied a similar caution to those travelling in Europe during their gap years – and advised them to take out travel insurance as well as a European Health Insurance Card (EHIC). He said: "An EHIC will entitle you to basic state medical treatment in Europe, but it won't cover you for treatment in a private hospital or for emergency medical repatriation back to the UK, if you need it."

​Top 10 gap year destinations (source: ABTA)​

1.         Australia
2.         New Zealand
3.         USA 
4.         Peru
5.         Vietnam
6.         Thailand  
7.         Canada  
8.         Brazil
9.         Argentina
10.       India

OUT NOW: International Private Medical Insurance Companies and Providers V1.2

There are over 50 million expatriates, and by 2020 this will be 60 million. 232 million people now live away from their country of birth. Between one in two and one in three expatriates has no international health insurance, although a minority is covered by domestic health insurance. Several countries seek to get expatriates and migrants to pay for healthcare or have compulsory health insurance.

PREVIEW THE 900+ PAGE REPORT International And Expatriate Healthcare And Insurance 2014, click here.

Bupa’s international health insurance business, Bupa Global, is pleased to announce the appointment of Sheldon Kenton to the role of Global Commercial Director.

In this newly created role, Sheldon will report to Robert Lang, Managing Director for Bupa Global, and serve as a member of Bupa Global Executive Team. The role will focus on the growth of Bupa Global’s corporate sales and health benefits business, which provides products and services in over 190 countries, as well as the further development of its institutional distribution partnerships around the world.

Sheldon joins Bupa Global later this year following a long tenure with Cigna Corporation, most recently as Chief Commercial Officer for Cigna Global Health Benefits (CGHB) North America.

Sheldon’s appointment builds on the momentum created by Bupa Global’s significant investment in its international private medical insurance (IPMI) business and commitment to globally-minded and globally-mobile customers. This commitment was demonstrated in 2013 by Bupa’s considerable (49%) investment in a US-based specialist health insurance and services company, and in 2014 when Bupa Global began a strategic global partnership with the Blue Cross Blue Shield Association, a national federation of 36 independent, community-based and locally operated Blue Cross and Blue Shield companies that collectively provide healthcare coverage for more than 106 million members. 

This partnership created the largest combined healthcare provider network ever formed in the IPMI market. Sheldon’s appointment complements several recent senior industry hires to Bupa Global that strengthen the commercial and clinical teams. These include: Lorna Friedman from Mercer Health & Benefits; Mary Trometer and Nic Brown from Aetna International; Justin Howcroft from Friends Provident International; and Stephen Killian from United Healthcare Global.

Commenting on this appointment, Robert Lang, Managing Director, Bupa Global, said “We are delighted to have Sheldon join our team later this year. He will be instrumental in ensuring Bupa Global’s corporate and health benefits customers access the full scope of Bupa’s significant global presence in the UK, Australia, Spain, Poland, New Zealand and Chile, as well as Saudi Arabia, Hong Kong, India and Thailand.”

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) announced an upward revision of its 2015 industry outlook to a $29.3 billion net profit. On expected revenues of $727 billion, the industry would achieve a 4.0% net profit margin. The significant strengthening from the $16.4 billion net profit in 2014 (re-stated from $19.9 billion) reflects the net impact of several global factors, including stronger global economic prospects, record load factors, lower fuel prices, and a major appreciation of the US dollar.

All regions are expected to see an improvement in profitability in 2015 compared with 2014.There are, however, stark differences in regional economies, which are also reflected in airline performance. “The industry’s fortunes are far from uniform. Many airlines still face huge challenges,” said Tony Tyler, IATA’s Director General and CEO.

Over half the global profit is expected to be generated by airlines based in North America ($15.7 billion). For North American airlines, the margin on earnings before interest and taxation (EBIT) is expected to exceed 12%, more than double that of the next best performing regions of Asia-Pacific and Europe.

“For the airline business, 2015 is turning out to be a positive year. Since the tragic events of September 2001, the global airline industry has transformed itself with major gains in efficiency. This is clearly evident in the expected record high passenger load factor of 80.2% for this year. The result is a hard-earned 4% average net profit margin. On average, airlines will retain $8.27 for every passenger carried,” said Tony Tyler, IATA’s Director General and CEO.

“Let’s keep things in perspective. Apple, a single company, earned $13.6 billion in in the second quarter of this year. That’s just under half the expected full-year profit of the entire airline industry. We don’t begrudge anyone their business success. But it is important for our stakeholders, particularly governments, to understand that the business of providing global connectivity is still a very tough one,” said Tyler.

At the industry level, a significant milestone has been achieved with an expected return on invested capital (ROIC) of 7.5%. For the first time, the industry-level average ROIC will be in excess of its cost of capital, which has fallen to 6.8% largely due to lower bond yields. This industry average is, however, dominated by airlines in the United States, which have benefitted the most from the fall in US dollar-denominated fuel prices, a strong local economy, and industry restructuring. The average non-US airline is still struggling with returns below the cost of capital and a significant debt burden.

Main Forecast Drivers

• Fuel prices: The recent decline in fuel prices is a welcome development. The 2015 industry outlook is based on an average Brent crude oil price of $65/barrel, which is 36% below the 2014 price of $101.4. Jet fuel prices are expected to decline at a slower rate for a full year price of $78/barrel (33% below the $116.6 level of 2014). Fuel still represents approximately 28% of the industry’s operating cost structure. And the full impact of the fall in fuel prices is being moderated by a 20% rise in the value of the US dollar over the past 12 months as well as by airline hedging policies, which have locked about half of the 2015 fuel supply at higher levels.
• Revenues: The impact of the stronger US dollar can be seen in a 0.7% decline in the industry’s overall revenues, which are expected to be $727 billion ($733 billion in 2014).
• Passenger: The passenger business is expected to grow some 6.7% in 2015, an acceleration on the 6.0% growth recorded in 2014. Passenger numbers are still expected to top 3.5 billion for the first time in 2015. A focus on efficiency is seeing supply matched more closely than ever with demand and is expected to produce a record high load factor of 80.2%. A yield decline of 7.5% reflects the stiff competition in the business but is exaggerated by the impact of the US dollar appreciation.
• Cargo: The cargo business is expected to grow 5.5% this year, which is a slightly slower pace than the 5.8% realized in 2014. There was a strengthening of the cargo business in 2014 that continued into this year. Expected revenues—estimated at $62 billion—would have exceeded the $67 billion peak in 2011 were it not for the appreciation of the US dollar. The improvement is delivered through a volume increase with a record 54.2 million tonnes of air cargo expected in 2015. Yields are expected to fall around 7% this year (a decline that is again exaggerated by the strength of the US dollar). The longer-term prospects for air cargo remain challenging with a continuing post-financial crisis trend of slower trade growth relative to GDP.

The regions

All regions will see improved profitability in 2015 compared with 2014. They will also see capacity expansions but these are expected to broadly match the expansion in demand. This aligns with the global expectation for capacity to expand 6.2%, slightly behind the projected 6.7% increase in demand. Aside from these few similarities, the regions are expected to deliver widely divergent levels of profitability.

• North America: Carriers in North America are expected to generate a profit of $15.7 billion (up from $11.2 billion in 2014) for a net margin of 7.5%. On a per passenger basis this translates to an average profit of $18.12. Airlines in the United States have been able to use this profitability to invest in new fleet, pay down high levels of debt and deliver a normal return to investors through dividends and share buy-backs. This has been driven by the relatively strong economy, a restructured industry, and the lower oil price. The region is expected to see a 3.0% growth in demand, although capacity is starting to pick up with an anticipated 3.1% expansion.
• Asia-Pacific: Carriers in the Asia-Pacific region are expected to generate a $5.1 billion profit for a 2.5% net margin ($4.24/passenger). Asia-Pacific airlines have about a 40% share of the global air cargo market. Consequently, they have been disproportionately impacted by the doldrums in the air cargo industry. The slowdown in the Chinese economy has also had a dampening impact on profitability. Demand is expected to grow a healthy 8.1%, slightly ahead of the 7.7% forecast growth in capacity. Lower fuel costs will help but the stronger dollar reduces the benefit in this region.
• Europe: European airlines are expected to post a collective profit of $5.8 billion in 2015 for net margin of 2.8% ($6.30/per passenger). The prospects for airlines based in the region have improved slowly over the last two years. This is particularly true for network airlines serving the North Atlantic, which looks set to continue generating decent returns. Long-haul markets have been stronger than home markets, which have been depressed by the ongoing debt problems of Southern Europe. Economic growth is starting to pick up even in Southern Europe and has been adjusted upward in 2015.
  
  Airlines in the region are expected to add 6.5% to capacity to meet a 6.8% expansion in demand. European airlines have benefited from lower fuel prices but again this has been limited by the strength of the US dollar. Consequently, growth in profitability is lagging behind that of US airlines. And the region’s operating environment continues to be hindered by onerous regulation, high taxes, and both infrastructure deficiencies and inefficiencies.
• Latin America: Latin American airlines are expected to return a net profit of $600 million for a net margin of 1.8% ($2.27/passenger). This follows breakeven performance in 2014. The region has delivered weak returns on average for the past few years, largely because of the very poor performance of key economies like Brazil and Argentina. Significant exchange rate weakness against the dollar will substantially limit any benefits from lower fuel prices. This year, demand for the region’s airlines is expected to grow 5.1%, slightly outpacing a 5.0% expansion of capacity.
• Middle East: Middle Eastern airlines are expected to post a collective $1.8 billion net return for 2015 for an average net margin of 3.1% ($9.61/passenger). The region’s carriers are expected to see a 12.9% growth in passenger numbers this year, the only region with a double-digit expansion. Airlines in the region have mixed fortunes, some loss-making, others profitable. An improvement in profitability is also expected to be driven by lower fuel costs.
• Africa: African airlines are expected to post a collective profit of $100 million for a net margin of 0.8% ($1.59/passenger), the thinnest of all regions. Although in the black, this continues the relatively poor performance of the past few years. Last year, traffic growth for African airlines was weak because of various problems that disrupted tourism, but market share also continues to be lost. Currencies have been weak, particularly for oil exporters, so the benefits of lower fuel prices will be limited in this region. African airlines are also expected to see the slowest growth among developing markets with capacity and demand expansion of 3.3% and 3.2% respectively this year.
  Connectivity, Jobs, Taxes, and Environmental Performance

The airline industry continues to add value to its customers, to the wider economy, and to governments:

• Aviation’s global connectivity now spans 16,485 city-pairs (2014), which is nearly double the number in 1994. This connectivity is a catalyst for economic benefits for users and the wider economy. Over that same period, average airfares have fallen around 64% (after inflation), which has been a major stimulus for trade, tourism, and foreign direct investment associated with global supply chains.
• The number of aviation jobs is rising although the pace of hiring is expected to taper slightly in 2015. Total direct employment in the sector is expected to reach 2.5 million (up 3.1% on 2014). The total airline payroll in 2015 is expected to reach $150 billion (up from $142 billion in 2014). Compared with 2014, average unit labor costs are expected to fall 0.5% in 2015 as productivity per employee improves 3.2%. Airline employees are also extremely productive for the economies in which they work, generating gross value added (GVA—the company level equivalent to GDP) of $96,753 per employee in 2015 (up 2.7% on 2014).
• The industry tax bill is expected to grow to $116 billion in 2015. That is a 3.9% increase on 2014.
• Airlines’ environmental performance continues to improve. Airlines are expected to use 288 billion liters of fuel in 2015. In doing so, the industry is expected to emit 757 million tonnes of carbon. While that is a 4.6% increase on the previous year, it is well below the 6.7% growth in passenger demand (RPK) and the 5.5% expected demand growth for cargo (FTK). This is expected to align with the industry’s fuel efficiency goal of improving its fuel efficiency by 1.5% annually to 2020. Investments in new aircraft are a major driver of fuel efficiency improvements. In 2015, airlines are expected to take delivery of more than 1,700 new aircraft worth $180 billion. About half are expected to replace less fuel-efficient older aircraft.
• The industry remains committed to achieving carbon-neutral growth from 2020. This is in addition to a 1.5% average annual improvement in fuel efficiency to 2020 and complements the long-term goal of cutting net emissions in half by 2050 (compared with 2005 levels).

Aspen Insurance Holdings Limited (“Aspen”) (NYSE:AHL) is announcing a senior management transition in its insurance segment, Aspen Insurance.

Rupert Villers, Chairman of Aspen Insurance and President of Aspen International Insurance, has decided to step down from the Company at the end of October 2015. He will remain President of International Insurance until the end of July and will continue to serve as Chairman of Aspen Insurance until his departure.

Rupert commented: “I am very pleased with everything that my team and I have achieved during my tenure at Aspen Insurance. The business is well positioned in a new and exciting stage of its development and I wish Mario Vitale, our Insurance Chief Executive, every success as it moves forward under his leadership. I am happy to be leaving Aspen on an extended timetable as this will allow for a smooth transition of the various aspects of my role.”

Chris O’Kane, Aspen’s Group Chief Executive Officer, said: “Rupert has done an outstanding job in building our Insurance franchise and driving forward our Insurance strategy. He has also made a significant contribution to our executive management capabilities and I would like to thank him sincerely for everything that he has done for Aspen during his time with the Company.”

Mario Vitale, Chief Executive of Aspen Insurance, added: “I would like to add my thanks to Rupert for his valuable advice and wise counsel as we worked closely together to grow our Insurance business over the last few years.”

Aspen also announced today that Ann Haugh will assume the role of President of International Insurance at the end of July in addition to her responsibilities as global Chief Operating Officer of Aspen Insurance.

Mario Vitale commented: “Ann has made a significant contribution since she joined Aspen Insurance almost 18 months ago and she is ideally qualified to lead our International business. Her breadth of experience and expertise will be invaluable as we take the business forward to the next stage of its development.”

Discovery Limited (“Discovery”) and John Hancock Insurance (“John Hancock”) have entered into a strategic partnership which will see the introduction of a comprehensive healthy living program for U.S. consumers. John Hancock, a division of the global financial services group Manulife, is one of the largest life insurers in the United States.

Adrian Gore, Chief Executive of Discovery says, “Discovery and John Hancock share a commitment to improving the lives of our customers, and with more than 150 years of experience and a history of innovation, John Hancock is the perfect partner to help expand the solution that’s at the centre of Discovery’s shared-value insurance model in the US.”

Craig Bromley, President of John Hancock Financial Services comments: “We are reinventing the consumer life insurance experience and changing the way people think about this critical component of their overall financial health. We believe this offering will make life insurance relevant for new generations of consumers and reinvigorate the entire category.”

Discovery’s shared-value insurance model is based on the combination of engaging policyholders and incentivising them to manage their health, and dynamically pricing their behaviour into the cost of insurance. The model leverages insights from behavioural economics in an immediate rewards system that drives positive behaviour change over the long term. The change in behaviour results in lower insurance costs and savings that are then used to fund incentives. Customers benefit from the shared-value model through better health and financial rewards.

Recent research conducted in South Africa showed that Vitality incentives have a positive and measurable impact towards improving healthy lifestyle choices. The research also revealed that membership of the Vitality wellness programme is closely linked to the tendency to undertake a health screening, and as a result to also take preventive measures against potentially life threating non-communicable diseases.

The partnership with John Hancock strengthens Discovery’s position as the global leader in the field of incentivised wellness. Discovery has a global presence through partnerships with Ping An in China, AIA in Asia and Australia, and The Generali Group in Europe. Discovery also wholly owns VitalityLife and VitalityHealth in the UK (previously PruProtect and PruHealth respectively).